Father of Evolution
English naturalist, biologist, and geologist, Charles Darwin, has been credited for proposing the theory of biological evolution through the means of natural selection. Basically, animals who can adapt to their surroundings will survive while the rest are lost in time. His name certainly should ring a bell whether you believe this theory or not.
His controversial hypothesis was published in the 1859 book On the Origin of Species. While the theory of evolution was controversial from the beginning, not once did he even use the term “evolution” in his publication. However, it’s safe to infer from his findings that he totally meant evolution.